a bioluminescence snail with a compilation of related works.
CHAN,Sow-Yan
Molluscan pictures
Quantula striata is regarded as the only land gastropod in the world capable of true bioluminescence.
It can be collected fairly easily in Singapore which was the first discovered location
for its light value in September 1943 by Mr.Kumazawa(entomologist) at Goodwood Park Hotel,
Scotts Road.
This snail is normally collected in secondary forest,lawns,rubbish dumps,under concrete slabs
and also in crevices along walkways especially after rain. Because of this curious
and unique luminous character it is probably the most observed species as compared to
other landsnails locally.
The luminous organ is said to originate flashes of yellow-green light beneath
the mucous fold of the head in juvenile stage (TSUJI,F.I.,1983),
is known as the 'organ of Haneda'.
Another curious character is that the mature snail sometimes loses the organ
and does not appear again. A social role for luminescence probably suggested
that the aggregation of young snails are on finding sources of food.
References cited:
- ADAMS, HENRY & ADAMS, ARTHUR 1854 - 1858
- The Genera of Recent Mollusca Volume II.
John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row, London. Pages 1 - 661.
- BAKER, H. BURRINGTON 1941a
- Zonitid Snails from Pacific Islands.
Part 3 & 4 (1941) 3. Genera 0ther than Microcystinae.
Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bull. 166, pp. 205 - 346, pls 43 - 65.
- BAKER, H. BURRINGTON 1941b
- Zonitid Snails from Pacific Islands.
Part 3 & 4 (1941) 4. Distribution and Indexes.
Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bull. 166, pp. 347 - 370.
- BENTHEM - JUTTING, W.S.S. van 1949
- On a collection of non-marine Mollusca from Malaya in the Raffles Museum,
Singapore, with an appendix on cave shells.
Bull. Raffles Mus., Singapore 19: 50 - 77, pls. I - III.
- BENTHEM - JUTTING, W.S.S. van 1960
- Some notes on land and freshwater mollusca of Malaya.
Basteria 24 (1 & 2):10 - 20, 1 figure.
- BERRY, A.J. 1974
- The anatomy of West Malaysian snails of parasitological significance.
Malayan Nature J. 27: 131 - 165.
- CHOU, LOKE MING & NG, PETER K.L. 1994
- A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore.
Mollusca listing and references: 73 - 78, 158 - 159
National Council on the Environment, Ministry of Environment.
- COPELAND, J. & DASTON, M. M. 1989
- Bioluminescence in the terrestrial snail Dyakia (Quantula) striata.
Malacologia, 30 (1 - 2): 317 - 324.
- COPELAND, J. & MANERI, M.
- Ecological considerations and bioluminescence in the terrestrial snail
Dyakia (Quantula) striata. (not seen)
Natl. Geog. Rept.
Was listed as "In press" in COUNSILMAN et al, 1987.
- COUNSILMAN, J. J, D. LOH, S. Y. CHAN, W. H. TAN, J. COPELAND & M. MANERI 1987
- Factors affecting the presence and flashing rate of the photogenic organ
in an Asian land snail.
The Veliger, 29 (4): 394 - 399.
- DHARMA, BUNJAMIN 1992
- Indonesian Shells II. (Siput Dan Kerang Indonesia).
Verlag Christa Hemmen
- FAHY, NEIL E. 1995
- Landsnail collecting in Indonesia.
American Conchologist, 23 (3): 7 - 11.
- FAHY, NEIL E. 1996
- Landsnails and scenery in Malaysia.
American Conchologist, 24 (3): 4 - 9.
- FISCHER, P. 1891
- Catalogue et Distribution Geographique Des Mollusques Terrestres,
Fluviatiles et Marins D'une Partie de L' Indo-chine
(Siam, Laos, Cambodge, Cochinchine, Annam, Tonkin).
Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. d'Autun, 4: 1 - 193.
Page 20, Ariophanta (Xesta) naninoides = Quantula striata.
- GODWIN-AUSTEN, H.H. 1897
- On a collection of land-shells made in Borneo by Mr.A.Everett,
with descriptions of supposed new species.
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1897: 22 - 47, pls. 2 - 6.
- GUDE, G.K. 1903
- A classified list of the Helicoid land shells of Asia.
J. Malac., 10 (2): 45 - 62, pl. 3.
- HANEDA, Y. 1946
- A luminous land snail, Dyakia striata, in Malaya.
Seibutsu [Living Organisms] 1: 294 - 298.
- HANEDA, Y. 1955
- Luminous organisms of Japan and the Far East. Pages 349-356.
IN: The Luminescence of Biological Systems.
Edited by Frank H. Johnson. American Association for the Advancement of Science,
Washington, D.C.
- HANEDA, Y. 1963
- Further studies on a luminous land snail, Quantula striata, in Malaya.
Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 8: 1 - 9.
- HANEDA, Y. 1979
- Flash patterns of the light on luminous land snail, Quantula striata (Gray)
from Singapore.
Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 26: 31 - 33.
- HANEDA, Y. 1981
- Luminescence activity of the land snail Quantula striata.
IN: Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence: Basic Chemistry and
Analytical Application.
Editors: M.A. DeLuca & W.D. McElroy. Page 257 - 265.
Academic Press,New York.
- HANEDA, Y. & TSUJI, F.I. 1969
- Observations on the luminescence of the land snail Quantula striata,
and its life history. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum 15: 10 - 13.
- HARVEY, E. NEWTON 1952
- Mollusca except Cephalopoda.Pages 242-268.
IN:Bioluminescence. Academic Press Inc. Publishers, 1952, New York.
- HERRING, P.J. 1978
- Bioluminescence of Invertebrates other than Insects.
Phylum Mollusca.Pages 206 - 215.
IN:Bioluminescence in Action. Academic Press, 1978.
- HO, WAI HOONG 1995
- A review of the land-snail fauna of Singapore.
Raffles Bull. Zool., Singapore 43 (1): 91 - 113.
- ISOBE, M., D. UYAKUL, SIGURDSSON, J.B., TOSHIO, G., LAM,T. 1991
- Fluorescent substance in the luminous land snail, Dyakia striata. Agric. Biol.
Chem., 55(8): 1947 - 1951.
- KOBELT, W. (in Martini Chemnitz) 18??
- Die Schnirkelschnecken nebst den zunaechst verwandten Gattungen.
Bd. 1 Abt 12 V.
Page 1171, plate 291, figures 4-6, Nanina leechi = Quantula striata.
- LAIDLAW, F.F. 1930
- On a new sub-family Dyakiinae of the Zonitidae.
Proc. Malac. Soc. London 19: 190 - 201.
- LAIDLAW, F.F. 1933
- A list of the land and freshwater Mollusca of the Malay Peninsula. Part 2
(Land Mollusca, Pulmonata).
J. Malayan Branch Royal Asiatic Soc., 11 (2): 211 - 234.
- LAIDLAW, F.F. 1963
- Notes on the Genus Dyakia, with a list of the species.
J. Conch., 25 (4): 137 - 151, pl. 8.
- MOELLENDORFF, O.F. von 1891
- On the land and freshwater shells of Perak.
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1891(59): 330 - 349, pl. XXX.
- MORGAN, J. DE 1885
- Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du royaume de Perak et des pays voisins
(presquile Malaise)
Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 10: 353 - 428, pls. 5 - 9.
Hemiplecta leechi (page 31) = Quantula striata.
- PARKINSON, B., HEMMEN, J. & GROH, K. 1987
- Tropical Landshells of the World.
Verlag Christa Hemmen.
- PARMENTIER, J.& BARNES, A. 1975
- Observations on the luminescence produced
by the Malayan Gastropod Dyakia striata.
Malayan Nature J. 28 (3 & 4): 173 - 180.
- SOLEM, ALAN 1964
- A collection of non-marine Mollusks from Sabah, Malaysia.
Sabah Society Journal 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 40.
- TENISON-WOODS, J.E. 1888
- Malaysia land and freshwater mollusca.
Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., (2) 3: 1003 - 1095, pls. 27 - 30.
- TSUJI, FREDERICK I. 1983
- Molluscan Bioluminescence.
Chapter 7. Pages 257 - 279.
IN: The Mollusca, Vol. 2 Enviromental Biochemistry and Physiology.
Editor: PETER W. HOCHACHKA
- TWEEDIE, M.W.F. & HARRISON, J.L. 1988
- Malayan Animal Life. Longman Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. First published in 1954.
Reprinted 1965, 1970 & 1988. 237 pages.